Chandigarh Forests

Department of Forest & Wildlife
UT Administration
Chandigarh

BUTEA MONOSPERMA (Lamk.) Taub.

Division

Angiosperms

Class

Dicotledons

Subclass

Polypetalae

Series

Calyciflorae

Order

Rosales

Family

Fabaceae

Genus

Butea

Species

monosperma

Etymology:

In honour of John Stuart, Earl of Bute (1713-1792), a patron of botany. Prime Minister of England (1762-1763).

Botanical name

 

Butea monosperma (Lamk.) Taub. (B. frondosa Roxb.)

Local/Trade names:

 

Flame of the Forest, Dhak, Palas

Conservation status:

 

Commonly found wild. Also planted in gardens.

Digonestic features:

 

Leaves trifoliate; flowers bright orange – red.

Description:

An erect, deciduous tree. Bark ash-coloured and rough. Leaves 3-foliate;
leaflets 6-18 x 10-16 cm, finely silky below when young, turning glabrous with age; lateral leaflets are broader, more rounded. Flowers large, orange- red. Pod one seeded, 10-15 x 4-6 cm, pale-green or yellowish-brown.

Phenology:

Fls.: & Frts.: March-June.

Distribution:

 

Throughout the India. Sri Lanka and Myanmar, also eastward as far as Papua, New Guinea and China.

Where to see it:

Leaves much used throughout the country for making platters, cups, etc.;
dried leaves used as beedi wrappers. Young shoots yield a fibre used for ropes. Root-bark yields a coarse fibre used for cordage and caulking boats. Bark astringent used piles, tumours and menstrual disorders. Tree yields a gum called Butea gum or Bengal kino which is astringent and used in diarrhoea. Flowers yield a brilliant but very fugitive yellow colouring matter. When the seeds are pounded with lemon juice, they act as a powerful rubefacient and have been successfully used as a cure for a form of herpes called Dhobie’s itch. They yield a fatty oil (18%). Wood used mainly for well-curbs and water-scoops; also employed as a cheap broad wood and for structural work. Wood pulp is suitable for newsprint manufacture.

Uses:

Leaves supposed to be poisonous; poultice of leaves used to wounds and bruises.

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